Electret Mic Breakout Board Hookup Guide
Contributors:
LightningHawk
LightningHawk 
Resources and Going Further
A quick Google search for "Electret Mic Breakout" will get you going for any type of project you may want to create. Here are a few of my favorites from Instructables.
If you need to add sound to your next project but need something a little more sensitive, robust or a little more useful, I recommend the SparkFun Sound Detector.
Documents
For more audio fun, check out these other great SparkFun tutorials:
MP3 Player Shield Music Box
Music Box Project based on the Dr. Who TARDIS.
RN-52 Bluetooth Hookup Guide
A hookup guide to get you started with the RN-52 Audio Bluetooth Module Breakout Board.
SparkPunk Sequencer Hookup Guide
How to assemble and use the SparkPunk Sequencer kit.
MEMS Microphone Hookup Guide
Get started with the SparkFun analog MEMS microphone breakout board with Arduino! Create a volume unit meter with the ADMP401 or ICS-40180 to react to sound before building your sound visualizer!
Or check out this blog post for inspiration: