Electret Mic Breakout Board Hookup Guide
Contributors:
LightningHawk
LightningHawk 
Resources and Going Further
A quick Google search for "Electret Mic Breakout" will get you going for any type of project you may want to create. Here are a few of my favorites from Instructables.
If you need to add sound to your next project but need something a little more sensitive, robust or a little more useful, I recommend the SparkFun Sound Detector.
Documents
For more audio fun, check out these other great SparkFun tutorials:
Si4703 FM Radio Receiver Hookup Guide
Add some tunes to your project with the Si4703 FM Radio Receiver Breakout.
Hackers in Residence: The Sound Visualizer
A fun project that uses a Raspberry Pi and a custom Java app to create your own sound visualizer using a RGB LED matrix.
Spectacle Audio Board Hookup Guide
All the information you need to use the Spectacle Audio Board in one place.
Getting Started with MicroPython and the SparkFun Inventor's Kit for micro:bit
Learn MicroPython with the micro:bit.
Or check out this blog post for inspiration: